Safety Management: Near Miss Identification, Recognition, and Investigation

Safety Management: Near Miss Identification, Recognition, and Investigation

Ron C. McKinnon

Preference :

Definitions: The definitions of the terms used throughout this book will be repeated in a number of chapters. The reason for this seeming duplication is to clearly explain the concepts so that a clear understanding is given as to what an accident, near miss incident, or other concept is and how it is defined.
CLEARING THE CONFUSION
Experience gained in many organizations internationally has shown that confusion exists within organizations, as well as within the safety and health profession, as to what a near miss incident is and how to identify it in relation to an accident, incident, and unsafe (high risk) behaviors and conditions. This uncertainty has led to near miss incidents being incorrectly labeled and, consequently, almost forgotten. Some also teach that all near miss incidents must be investigated—an almost impossible and impracticable task. If there is confusion within the minds of safety professionals, that confusion is passed on to employees and management and the end result is that near misses are not recognized, reported, or acted upon. This confusion is possibly the reason for near miss incident reporting systems not existing, or the failed attempts at near miss incident reporting in organizations.
Once understanding is reached as to what exactly a near miss incident is, near miss recognition is much easier. The approach taken in this publication is to keep the concepts simple so that all can understand the difference between the various concepts.

Content :

• Introduction
• The Safety Philosophy behind Near Miss Incidents
• Safety Management Functions That Relate to Near Miss Incidents
• Safety Management Principles Relating to Near Miss Incidents
• Near Miss Incidents, Myths and Safety Paradigms
• Safety and Health Policies
• Near Miss Incident Risk Management and Assessment
• Safety Auditing
• Near Miss Incident and Accident Recall
• How to Motivate for Safety
• Implementing a Near Miss Incident System: Introduction
• Implementing a Near Miss Incident Reporting System: Implementaion
• Summary

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Datacom Equipment Power Trends and Cooling Applications, 2nd Edition

Datacom Equipment Power Trends and Cooling Applications, 2nd Edition

Preference :

It is important to consider the fundamental definition of trend, which for this book is defined as the general direction in which something tends to move. The trends referenced or presented in this book should not be taken literally but rather considered as a general indication of both the direction and the magnitude of the subject matter. The intended audience for this document includes

• planners and managers of datacom facilities,
• facility design teams planning and designing datacom facilities, and
• facility architects and engineers who require insight on datacom equipment energy density and installation planning trends.

The variety of backgrounds and educational and practical experience among the intended audience can result in many different methods used to apply the information in this book. Fortunately, the book is designed for these multiple methods with the understanding that any methodology employed focuses on the concept of growth patterns.
Some practical examples of ways the growth patterns can be extracted are provided in this book, but there are additional methods that can be considered in the planning, design, and operation of a datacom facility. The growth patterns can use any baseline and provide a mathematical road map to the future. The baseline can use any metrics or units that make the most sense for the reader.

Content :

• Introduction
• Background
• Component Power Trends
• Load Trends and Their Application
• Air Cooling of Computer Equipment
• Liquid Cooling of Computer Equipment
• Practical Example of Trends to Data Center Design
• Introduction to Appendices
• Appendix A—Glossary
• Appendix B—Additional Power Trend Chart Information/Data

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Construction Inspection Manual 8th Edition

Construction Inspection Manual 8th Edition

William D. Mahoney

Preference :

Today, more than ever, construction requires a team effort. The escalation of costs, the need for faster scheduling and changes in the industry require full cooperation and understanding among all the parties. Successful production of the work under the traditional process requires the utmost order and efficiency to obtain the highest potential benefits. This goal can be reached only through the understanding that all parties have a mutual function and obligation to perform. Successful construction requires continuous checking, coordination, foresight, good judgment and overlapping
efforts by informed and qualified parties. The following parts reflect the Editorial Committee’s recommendations concerning the duties and responsibilities of the construction inspector, design
professional (architect/engineer), contractor/subcontractor, owner, lawyer, manufacturer’s representative and special consultants.

By definition, a contract is a legally enforceable agreement that sets forth the obligations of each party to the other. Any violation of these obligations (breach) can expose the party committing the breach to sanctions of law. The significant benefit of having an agreement is that a mutual understanding is developed by communicating expectations through clear definition of scope
and general/terms and conditions. Contracts come in many shapes and sizes. The most recognized standard document is the Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect –
AIA B141; however, many public owners, major private enterprises and design firms use their own “custom contracts”. In order to provide contracts that equitably serve the interest of both parties and meet the specific concerns of the project, amendments to both standard AIA and custom agreements are negotiated. It is of the utmost importance that the project inspector thoroughly review the agreements and the family of documents that define duties and responsibilities among the construction team composed of the owner, contractor and architect. The AIA A201/General Conditions of the Contract for Construction is the part of this family of contract documents that
establishes the ground rules for this construction team, where contractual relationships exist between the owner and the contractor and the owner and the architect but not between the contractor and the architect. Additionally, the supplementary conditions are prepared to modify the provisions of the general conditions in order to meet the particular requirements of the project by changing, adding to or deleting this document. The general conditions can also be drafted as “custom general conditions” by many public owners and major private enterprises.

Content :

• INTRODUCTION
• RECOMMENDED DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
• STANDARDS AND CODES
• CHECKLIST FOR FIELD INSPECTION
• COORDINATION
• PROJECT LOCATION

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Maintenance Engineering Handbook Seventh Edition

Maintenance Engineering Handbook Seventh Edition

Keith Mobley, Lindley Higgins

Preference :

Some engineering fields change dramatically from year to year, with radical breakthroughs in
technology happening often. These fields may have hundreds or more papers and texts published
each year on the latest best practices. Maintenance engineering is a field which, for the most part,
hasn’t fundamentally changed much over the years. And there aren’t many sources for the latest
information or best practices.
But in recent years, maintenance engineering has, more and more, put an emphasis on true reliability.
A business which is asset-intensive, such as manufacturing, relies on a reliability-centered
field of engineering to be successful. In my opinion, reliability engineering itself has become a technology
used for the purpose of improving manufacturing capacity, without capital investment.
The Maintenance Engineering Handbook has long been regarded as the premier source for
expertise on maintenance theory and practices for any industry. This text has been considered
invaluable and now, this latest edition defines those practices that are critical to developing an
effective reliability engineering function within your business.
This text is no longer just about mechanical, electrical, and civil maintenance engineering.
Instead, the seventh edition also focuses on recognized and proven best practices in maintenance,
repair, and overhaul (MRO) inventory management, root-cause analysis, and performance management.
Keith Mobley, the editor in chief of this text, has more than 35 years of direct experience in
corporate management, process and equipment design, and reliability-centered maintenance
methodologies. For the past 16 years, he has helped hundreds of clients across the globe achieve
and sustain world-class performance through the implementation of maintenance and reliability
engineering principles.
You may spend your career worrying about excessive downtime and high maintenance costs as
a result of repetitive failures. As a fellow veteran maintenance and reliability engineer, I encourage
you to recognize that this field is changing and improvements are being made that empower today’s
business leaders. This text can help you reap the benefits of those changes so that your hard work
produces the best possible results.

Maintenance Engineering Handbook Seventh Edition

Content :

• Section 1 Organization and Management of the Maintenance Function
• Section 2 The Horizons of Maintenance Management
• Section 3 Engineering and Analysis Tools
• Section 4 Maintenance of Plant Facilities
• Section 5 Maintenance of Mechanical Equipment
• Section 6 Maintenance of Electrical Equipment
• Section 7 Instruments and Reliability Tools
• Section 8 Lubrication
• Section 9 Chemical Corrosion Control and Cleaning
• Section 10 Maintenance Welding

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Diesel Generator Handbook

Diesel Generator Handbook

L.L.J. Mahon

Preference :

Diesel Generator Handbook meets the need for an authoritative reference work covering the range of mechanical and electrical topics embodied in the practical design and application of diesel generating plant. It will be particularly welcomed in many parts of the developing world where the diesel generator is basic to the electricity supply system.

The discussion covers, in fifteen chapters, the prime mover, power ratings, synchronous generators, load assessment, control principles and systems, switchgear and controlgear, standby power, fuels and lubricating oilss, installation and commissioning, noise reduction, and plant operation and maintenance.

The book thus caters for all who are concerned with the selection, specification, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance of diesel-based generator systems: not only the practicing plant or services engineers, but also non-specialist engineers and users. The young technician or trainee engineer who is embarking on a career in the supply industry will find this handbook an invaluable investment.

L L J Mahon, FIEE, FBIM, after an engineering apprenticeship with BTH in Rugby, gained over 30 years' experience in the design, development, manufacture, installation and commissioning of both stationary and highly specialized mobile diesel generator plant for a range of applications.

Content :

• Reciprocating internal combustion engines
• Power rating and performance
• A.C. generators - general
• A.C. generators - performance characteristics
• Load considerations
• Engine governing
• Automatic voltage regulation
• Parallel operation of generating sets
• Switchgear and controlgear
• Prime mover and generator protection
• Emergency and standby A.C. power supplies
• Fuels and lubricating oils
• Installation and commissioning
• Plant noise reduction
• Operation and maintenance

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How to Repair Briggs and Stratton Engines

How to Repair Briggs and Stratton Engines

 Paul Dempsey

Preference :

Briggs & Stratton is the world’s largest producer of small engines with an annual output of 10.5 million units or 30,000 a day. More than 60% of small engines sold worldwide and half of the portable generators carry the blackand-white Briggs logo. Like Harley-Davidson, also based in Milwaukee, Briggs and Stratton is an American icon. One reason why Briggs & Stratton enjoys an almost mythic stature among Americans of a certain age is the belief that its products do not change. Wars and presidents come and go, but the Briggs side-valve lives forever. And when the mower won’t start, you can repair it without a degree in engineering. The skills learned in our youth still have relevance and can be passed on to our grandchildren, that is, if they are open to a world larger
and more real than computer games.
Actually, Briggs engines—even the old side-valve with its rectangular cylinder head and quaint rewind starter—have undergone more-or-less continuous change. And more changes are coming to the products and to the way the company does business.
But, withal, there is a kind of elegant simplicity to Briggs engineering. A case in point is the Easy-Spin compression release that automatically raises the intake valve without adding as single part to the engine. Another example is the nylon Pulsa-Jet carburetor with its built-in fuel pump and an almost zero requirement for machine work. Briggs was the first maker of utility engines to offer overhead valves, the first to build vertical-crankshaft aluminum blocks, and the first to use aluminum cylinder bores. To encourage proper maintenance, spark plugs, air filters and oil-drain plugs are readily accessible. Head bolts can be reached by removing the shroud, an operation that can be accomplished in five minutes or less.

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Content :

• Introduction
• The product range
• Troubleshooting
• Ignition systems
• The fuel system
• Starters
• Charging systems
• Engine mechanics
• The Europa
• Winds of change

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Handbook of Industrial Engineering Equations, Formulas, and Calculations

Handbook of Industrial Engineering Equations, Formulas, and Calculations

Adedeji B. Badiru, Olufemi A. Omitaomu

Preference :

Calculations form the basis for engineering practice. Engineering researchers, instructors, students, and practitioners all need simple guides for engineering calculations. Although several books are available in the market for general engineering calculations, none is available directly for industrial engineering calculations. This book is designed to fill that void. It presents a general collection of mathematical equations that are likely to be encountered in the practice of industrial engineering.
Industrial engineering practitioners do not have to be computational experts; they just have to know where to get the computational resources that they need. This book provides access to computational resources needed by industrial engineers. Industrial engineering is one of the most versatile and flexible branches of engineering. It has been said that engineers make things, whereas industrial engineers make things better. To make something better requires an understanding of its basic characteristics. The underlying equations and calculations facilitate that understanding. This book
consists of several sections, each with a focus on a particular problem area. The book
include the following topics:

• Basic math calculations
• Engineering math calculations
• Production engineering calculations
• Engineering economics calculations
• Ergonomics calculations
• Facility layout calculations
• Production sequencing and scheduling calculations
• Systems engineering calculations
• Data engineering calculations
• Project engineering calculations
• Simulation and statistical equations

The book is unique in the market because it is the first book of its kind to focus exclusively on industrial engineering calculations with a correlation to applications for practice.

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Content :

• Computational Foundations of Industrial Engineering
• Basic Mathematical Calculations
• Statistical Distributions, Methods, and Applications
• Computations with Descriptive Statistics
• Computations for Economic Analysis
• Industrial Production Calculations
• Forecasting Calculations
• Six Sigma and Lean
• Risk Computations
• Computations for Project Analysis
• Product Shape and Geometrical Calculations
• General Engineering Calculations

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HVAC Engineers Handbook

HVAC Engineers Handbook

F. Porges

Preference :

This book contains in a readily available form the data, charts and tables which are regularly
required by heating, ventilating and air conditioning engineers in their daily work.
The data is presented in a concise manner to enable it to be applied directly in the actual
daffy work of the HVAC engineer. The book is designed for everyday use and a comprehensive
bibliography has been included for the benefit of those who wish to pursue the theoretical
side of any particular topic.
For this edition some errors have been corrected, the explanatory notes on the psychr~
metric chart have been improved and the chart in previous editions has been replaced, with
permission, by the well known CIBSE chart. Additional data has been included on design
temperatures and ventilation rates and information has been inserted on precautions against
legionellosis in both hot water systems and air conditioning plant. The data on duct thicknesses
and sizes has been revised to conform to current practice. A new section has been
included on natural ventilation and the information on types of refrigeration compressors
has been expanded. The data on refrigerants has been completely revised to list the new
non4~FC and non-HCFC refrigerants. Practising engineers will still meet old plant which contains
refrigerants which are now obsolete or obsolescent, and therefore the properties of the
more important of these are also given.
The policy of previous editions of giving tabulated data in both SI and Imperial units has
been continued although theoretical expressions are generally given only in SI units.

 Download HVAC Engineers Handbook

Content :

• Abbreviations, symbols and conversions 
• Standards for materials
• Combustion
• Heat and thermal properties of materials
• Properties of steam and air
• Heat losses
• Cooling loads
• Heating systems
• Steam systems
• Domestic services
• Ventilation
• Air conditioning
• Pumps and fans
• Sound
• Labour rates
• Bibliography
• Standards

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Outboard Engines Maintenance Troubleshooting and Repair

Outboard Engines Maintenance Troubleshooting and Repair

Ed. Sherman

Preference :

Before you can fix a sick engine, you have to know what makes a healthy engine run. The principle is
pretty simple: A piston fits into each cylinder. When fuel explodes on top of the piston, the piston is forced to move in the only direction it can, down the cylinder. The piston, which is connected by a rod to a crankshaft, turns this downward motion into something more useful by rotating the crankshaft. The crankshaft, in turn, shoves the piston back up the cylinder for more
action. Your Engine’s Four Basic Needs All outboard engines must:
• Admit a mixture of fuel and air.
• Compress that mixture.
• Ignite the compressed mixture.
• Clear away the burned gases.

Remember those four needs: fuel, compression, ignition, and exhaust. They’ll come in handy when
you’re troubleshooting. And they’re valid for all kinds of internal combustion engines, two-strokes, and fourstrokes; gasoline engines and diesels. Two-stroke engines complete the full cycle of fuel
induction, compression, ignition, and exhaust with just two strokes of the piston in the cylinder, one up and one down. In four-stroke engines, the piston must travel up twice and down twice—four strokes in all—to complete the same cycle. The pay-off is that four-strokes are more efficient than two-strokes. Later, we’ll discuss in more depth the relative advantages of twostroke and four-stroke engines. Right now, what you need to know is that two-strokes are more powerful for their weight, so you get a lot of horsepower from a light engine. They’re also mechanically simpler.
But they are gas guzzlers and don’t particularly like slow running. Their greatest sin is that they burn their lubricating oil along with the gasoline. This causes so much exhaust pollution that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is forcing two-stroke outboard-engine manufacturers to reduce hydrocarbon emissions by 75 percent within the next 10 years. (You’ll find more information about that in Chapter 11.)
Four-stroke engines are heavier, and usually costlier because they need fuel-intake valves and exhaust valves. But they’re more economical to run than two-strokes—they get far better mileage. Significantly, they’re also much kinder to the environment. They don’t burn their lubricating oil, so they pollute much less.

Download free Outboard Engines Maintenance Troubleshooting and Repair

Content :

• The Basics: What Makes Your Engine Tick
• Breaking In a New Engine
• Routine Maintenance
• How to Find the Trouble
• Isolating Ignition System Problems
• The Charging and Starting Systems
• The Fuel and Lubrication Systems
• Servicing the Steering and Trim Systems
• The Cooling System, Lower Unit, and Propeller
• Dealing with Corrosion
• Brand-Specific Information

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Facility Piping Systems Handbook for Industrial, Commercial and Healthcare Facilities

Facility Piping Systems Handbook for Industrial, Commercial and Healthcare Facilities

Michael Frankel

Preference :

The purpose of this handbook is to provide engineers, students, and others with principles and concepts that will enable them to solve design problems and calculation procedures that are an everyday part of the design for various systems. This handbook reflects the changing code requirements that are a part of the engineering industry. The third edition enables me to continue this idea and enhance the handbook’s reference value.
There have been some major new developments since the publication of the second edition that has made this third edition necessary. New material for swimming pools has been added since this has become part of many client requests for consulting engineers. The chapters for health care facilities have been revised based on the latest edition of NFPA-99, Code for Health Care Facilities, and improved design procedures. The plumbing section has been updated due to the revision of various plumbing codes. Illustrative examples, including step-by-step procedures, have been modernized and enlarged. Most chapters have been updated, mostly due to revised code requirements, but, also, many of the calculations

Facility Piping Systems Handbook for Industrial, Commercial and Healthcare Facilities

Content :

• Codes and Standards
• Piping
• Solid-Liquid Separation and Interceptors
• Water Treatment and Purification
• Heat Transfer, Insulation, and Freeze Protection
• Site Utility Systems
• Turf Irrigation Systems
• Cryogenic Storage Systems
• Plumbing Systems
• Special Waste Drainage Systems
• Swimming Pools, Spas, and Water Attractions
• Liquid Fuel Storage and Dispensing Systems
• Fuel Gas Systems
• Compressed Gas Systems
• Vacuum Air Systems

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Building Services Handbook Fourth Edition

Building Services Handbook Fourth Edition

Fred Hall, Roger Greeno

Preference :

The capital and installation costs of building services in modern buildings can take up 50% of the total construction budget. For highly serviced buildings such as sports centres, this figure can easily exceed 75%. Services can also take up 15% of a building’s volume. Therefore building services
cannot be ignored. Architects have learnt to accept and accommodate the increased need for pipes, ducts and cabling encroaching on to their designs.
Some with reluctance, not least Louis Kahn when writing in World Architecture in 1964: ‘I do not like ducts, I do not like pipes. I hate them so thoroughly, I feel that they have to be given their place. If I just hated them and took no care, I think they would invade the building and completely destroy it.’ Not all architects have chosen to compete with the ducting and mechanical plant. Some have followed the examples of Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers by integrating it with the construction and
making it a feature of the building, viz. the Pompidou Centre in Paris and the Lloyds Building in London. Building services are the dynamics in a static structure, providing movement, communications, facilities and comfort. As they are unavoidable, it is imperative that architects, surveyors, builders, structural engineers, planners, estate managers and all those concerned with the construction of buildings have a knowledge and appreciation of the subject.

This book incorporates a wide range of building services. It provides a convenient reference for all construction industry personnel. It is an essential reference for the craftsman, technician, construction site manager, facilities manager and building designer. For students of building crafts,
national certificates and diplomas, undergraduates and professional examinations, this book will substantiate study notes and be an important supplement to lectures. The services included in this book are cold and hot water supplies, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, drainage, sanitation, refuse and sewage disposal, gas, electricity, oil installation, fire services, transportation,
accommodation for services, energy recovery and alternative energy. The emphasis throughout is economic use of text with a high proportion of illustrations to show the principles of installation in a comprehensive manner. Where appropriate, subjects are supplemented with references for further reading into legislative and national standards. Most topics have design applications with charts and formulae to calculate plant and equipment ratings or sizes.

Building Services Handbook Fourth Edition

Content :

• Part One Cold Water and Supply Systems
• Part Two Hot Water Supply Systems
• Part Three Heating Systems
• Part Four Fuel Characteristics and Storage
• Part Five Ventilation Systems
• Part Six Air Conditioning
• Part Seven Drainage Systems, Sewage Treatment and Refuse Disposal
• Part Eight Sanitary Fitments and Appliances: Discharge and Waste Systems
• Part Nine Gas Installation, Components and Controls
• Part Ten Electrical Supply and Installations
• Part Eleven Mechanical Conveyors † Lifts, Escalators and Travelators
• Part Twelve Fire Prevention and Control Services
• Part Thirteen Security Installations
• Part Fourteen Accommodation for Building Services
• Part Fifteen Alternative and Renewable Energy

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Manual of engineering drawing, Second edition

Manual of engineering drawing, Second edition

Colin H. Simmons, Dennis E. Maguire

Preference :

The general trend in Engineering Design had been that the designer who was responsible for the conception and design of a particular product generally specified other aspects of the manufacturing process. Gradually however, developments from increased computing power in all aspects of production have resulted in progressive advances in manufacturing techniques, metrology, and quality assurance. The impact of these additional requirements on the Total Design Cycle resulted in the withdrawal of BS 308 in 2000. Its replacement BS 8888 is a far more
comprehensive Standard. It is important to stress that British and ISO drawing standards are not produced for any particular draughting method. No matter how a drawing is produced, either
on an inexpensive drawing board or the latest CAD equipment, the drawing must conform to the same standards and be incapable of misinterpretation.

The text which follows covers the basic aspects of engineering drawing practice required by college and university students, and also professional drawing office personnel. Applications show how regularly used standards should be applied and interpreted. Geometrical constructions are a necessary part of engineering design and analysis and examples of twoand three-dimensional geometry are provided. Practice is invaluable, not only as a means of understanding principles, but in developing the ability to visualize shape and form in three dimensions with a high degree of fluency. It is sometimes forgotten that not only does a draughtsman produce original drawings but is also
required to read and absorb the content of drawings he receives without ambiguity.

The section on engineering diagrams is included to stimulate and broaden technological interest, further study, and be of value to students engaged on project work. Readers are invited to redraw a selection of the examples given for experience, also to appreciate the
necessity for the insertion and meaning of every line. Extra examples with solutions are available in
Engineering Drawing From First Principles using AutoCAD, also published by Butterworth-Heinemann. It is a pleasure to find an increasing number of young ladies joining the staff in drawing offices where they can make an effective and balanced contribution to design decisions. Please accept our apologies for continuing to use the term ‘draughtsmen’, which is the generally understood collective noun for drawing office personnel, but implies equality in status. In conclusion, may we wish all readers every success in their studies and careers. We hope they will obtain much satisfaction from employment in the absorbing activities related to creative design and considerable
pleasure from the construction and presentation of accurately defined engineering drawings.

Download Manual of engineering drawing, Second edition

Content :

• 1 Drawing office management and organization 
• 2 Product development and computer-aided design 
• 3 CAD organization and applications
• 4 Principles of first and third angle orthographic projection
• 5 Linework and lettering
• 6 Three-dimensional illustrations using isometric and oblique projection
• 7 Drawing layouts and simplified methods
• 8 Sections and sectional views
• 9 Geometrical constructions and tangency
• 10 Loci applications
• 11 True lengths and auxiliary views
• 12 Conic sections and interpenetration of solids
• 13 Development of patterns from sheet materials
• 14 Dimensioning principles
• 15 Screw threads and conventional representations
• 16 Nuts, bolts, screws and washers
• 17 Keys and keyways
• 18 Worked examples in machine drawing
• 19 Limits and fits
• 20 Geometrical tolerancing and datums
• 21 Drawing solutions

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Mechanical Engineering Principles, Second Edition

Mechanical Engineering Principles, Second Edition

John Bird, Carl Ross

Preference :

Mechanical Engineering Principles 2nd Edition aims to broaden the reader’s knowledge of the basic principles that are fundamental to mechanical engineering design
and the operation of mechanical systems. Modern engineering systems and products still rely
upon static and dynamic principles to make them work. Even systems that appear to be entirely electronic have a physical presence governed by the principles of statics. In this second edition of Mechanical Engineering Principles, a chapter has been added on revisionary mathematics; it is not possible to progress in engineering studies without a reasonable knowledge of mathematics,
a fact that soon becomes obvious to both students and teachers alike. It is therefore hoped that this chapter on basic mathematics revision will be helpful and make the engineering studies more comprehensible. Minor modifications and some further worked problems have also been added throughout the text. Free Internet downloads of full solutions to the further
problems and a PowerPoint presentation of all the illustrations contained in the text is available
For clarity, the text is divided into four parts, these being:

• Part 1 Revision of Mathematics
• Part 2 Statics and strength of materials
• Part 3  Dynamics
• Part 4 Heat transfer and fluid mechanics

Mechanical Engineering Principles 2nd Edition is suitable for the following:
(i) National Certificate/Diploma courses in Mechanical Engineering
(ii) Undergraduate courses in Mechanical, Civil, Structural, Aeronautical & Marine
Engineering, together with Naval Architecture
(iii) Any introductory/access/foundation course involving Mechanical Engineering Principles
at University, and Colleges of Further and Higher education.
Although pre-requisites for the modules covered in this book include Foundation Certificate/ diploma, or similar, in Mathematics and Science, each topic considered in the text is presented in a way that assumes that the reader has little previous knowledge of that topic.

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Content :

• Revisionary Mathematics
• The effects of forces on materials
• Tensile testing
• Forces acting at a point
• Forces in structures
• Forces, tensile testing and beams
• Dynamics
• Linear and angular motion
• Simple harmonic motion
• Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics

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Site Analysis

Site Analysis

Smid Book

Preference :

This book is divided into four parts. Part I, Process and Tools, contains Chapter 1 (Shaping
the Built Environment) and Chapter 2 (Visualization of Spatial Information). The first
chapter summarizes the site planning and design process and places site planning and design
in the broader context of sustainable planning and development. The second chapter
addresses the basic principles of mapping and graphic communication in site planning and
design.
Part II, Site Selection and Programming, also has two chapters. Chapter 3 (Site
Selection) examines the goals and methods of site suitability analysis leading to the comparison
and selection of sites. Chapter 4 (Programming) focuses on programming methods
such as user surveys, focus groups, and market analyses.
Part III, Site Inventory and Analysis, is the core of the book. Chapter 5 (Site Inventory:
Physical Attributes) and Chapter 6 (Site Inventory: Biological Attributes) cover a wide
array of physical and biological attributes that, depending on the unique features of the site
and the program, may be analyzed during the site planning and design process. Chapter 7
(Site Inventory: Cultural Attributes) concentrates on documenting relevant cultural,
historic, and regulatory attributes. Chapter 8 (Site Analysis: Integration and Synthesis)
describes howsite opportunities and constraints for specific project programs are identified
and documented in support of the subsequent phases of the site planning and design
process.
The last three chapters of the book are in Part IV, Design and Implementation. Chapter 9
(Conceptual Design) addresses the spatial organization of the programmed uses and
activities on the site. Chapter 10 (Design Development) addresses the spatial articulation
of the organizational framework established in the conceptual design phase. This chapter
explores design theory and ‘‘form-based’’ development regulations, which communities
are increasingly employing to guide development and shape changes to the built environment.
Chapter 11 (Project Implementation), the book’s final chapter, addresses the
permitting and approval processes, techniques for mitigating development impacts, and
construction documentation and contract administration. The book concludes with an
Appendix and a Glossary. The Appendix lists both commercial, non-profit, and government
resources for data and other relevant planning and design information.

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Content :

• Shaping the built environment
• Visualization of spatial information
• Site selection and programming
• Site selection
• Programming
• Site inventory: physical attributes
• Site inventory: biological attributes
• Site inventory: cultural attributes
• Site analysis: integration and synthesis
• Conceptual design
• Design development
• Project implementation

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Structural Elements for Architects and Builders

Structural Elements for Architects and Builders

Jonathan Ochshorn

Preference :

Asis well known, architects and builders rarely design the structural elements and systems within their buildings, instead engaging the services of (and, it is to be hoped, collaborating with) structural engineers, or relying upon standard practices sanctioned by building codes. Where architects or builders wish to be adventurous with their structures, some knowledge of structural behavior and the potential of structural materials is certainly useful. On the other hand, where they are content to employ generic structural systems — platform framing in wood, simple skeletal frames in steel or reinforced concrete — one can get by with little actual knowledge of structural design, relying instead on the expertise of structural consultants and the knowledge of common spans, heights, and cross-sectional dimensions around which many ordinary buildings can be planned.
The heroic stage of modernism, in which architects often sought to reconcile structural behavior and overall building form — some finding inspiration in the structural frame or the load-bearing wall — was also the heroic stage of structural education for architects: it was hardly necessary, in that context, to explain why architects needed to learn about structures. Some of the same excitement about the potential of structure in architecture still remains, but it is also true that a “ mannerist ”
tendency has emerged, interested not necessarily in renouncing the role of structure inarchitecture, but rather reveling in its potential to distort, twist, fragment, and otherwise subvert modernist conventions and the architectural forms they support.

Yet all structures, whether hidden from view or boldly expressed, follow the same laws of equilibrium, are exposed to the same types of forces and are constrained by the same material properties and manufacturing practices. It is, therefore, appropriate for architects and builders to study structures in such a way that the basic principles underlying all structural form become clear. This can be accomplished in three phases: (1) by studying the concepts of statics and strength of
materials, (2) by learning how these concepts are applied to the design of common structural elements fabricated from real materials, and (3) by gaining insight into the design of structural systems comprised of structural elements interconnected in a coherent pattern. Much of the material presented in this text can be found elsewhere; the basic conditions of equilibrium, historical insights into structural behavior that form the basis for structural design, and recommendations for design procedures incorporated into building codes are all widely disseminated through industry-published
manuals, government-sanctioned codes, and academic texts. Many excellent structures texts have been written specifically for architects and builders.

Structural Elements for Architects and Builders

Content :

• CHAPTER 1 Statics
• CHAPTER 2 Loads
• CHAPTER 3 Material properties
• CHAPTER 4 Sectional properties
• CHAPTER 5 Design approaches
• CHAPTER 6 Tension elements
• CHAPTER 7 Columns
• CHAPTER 8 Beams
• CHAPTER 9 Connections

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Design of Columns Spreadsheet

Design of Columns Spreadsheet

Columns are classified as short or long depending on their slenderness ratios. Short columns
usually, fail when their materials are overstressed and long columns usually fail due to buckling
which produces secondary moments resulting from the P - D effect.
Columns are classified according to the way they are reinforced into tied and spirally reinforced
columns. Columns are usually reinforced with longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. When
this transverse reinforcement is in the form of ties, the column is called “tied”. If the transverse
reinforcement is in the form of helical hoops, the column is called “spirally reinforced”.
Since the failure of columns often cause extensive damage, they are designed with a higher factor of
safety than beams.

Columns are divided into three types according to the way they are reinforced:
1-Tied Columns
A tied column is a column in which the longitudinal reinforcement bars are
tied together with separate smaller diameter transverse bars (ties) spaced at some interval along
the column height. These ties help to hold the longitudinal reinforcement bars in place during
construction and ensure the stability of these bars against local buckling. The cross sections of such
columns are usually square, rectangular, or circular in shape. A minimum of four bars is used in

rectangular and circular cross-sections.

2-Spirally-Reinforced Columns
They are columns in which the longitudinal bars are arranged in a circle surrounded by a closely
spaced continuous spiral. These columns are usually circular or square in

shape. A minimum of six bars is used for longitudinal reinforcement.

3-Composite Columns
A composite column is a column made of structural steel shapes or pipes surrounded by or filled

by concrete with or without longitudinal reinforcement.

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