HANDBOOK OF WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Methods, Chemical Methods, and Energy Intensive Methods. Physical methods of
wastewater treatment represent a body of technologies that we refer largely to as
solid-liquid separations techniques, of which filtration plays a dominant role.
Filtration technology can be broken into two general categories - conventional and
non-conventional. This technology is an integral component of drinking water and
wastewater treatment applications. It is, however, but one unit process within a
modern water treatment plant scheme, whereby there are a multitude of equipment
and technology options to select from depending upon the ultimate goals of
treatment. To understand the role of filtration, it is important to make distinctions
not only with the other technologies employed in the cleaning and purification of
industrial and municipal waters, but also with the objectives of different unit
processes.
Chemical methods of treatment rely upon the chemical interactions of the
contaminants we wish to remove from water, and the application of chemicals that
either aid in the separation of contaminants from water, or assist in the destruction
or neutralization of harmful effects associated with contaminants. Chemical
treatment methods are applied both as stand-alone technologies, and as an integral
part of the treatment process with physical methods.
Among the energy intensive technologies, thermal methods have a dual role in
water treatment applications. They can be applied as a means of sterilization, thus
providing high quality drinking water, and/or these technologies can be applied to
the processing of the solid wastes or sludge, generated from water treatment
applications. In the latter cases, thermal methods can be applied in essentially the
same manner as they are applied to conditioning water, namely to sterilize sludge
contaminated with organic contaminants, and/or these technologies can be applied
to volume reduction.
contaminants we wish to remove from water, and the application of chemicals that
either aid in the separation of contaminants from water, or assist in the destruction
or neutralization of harmful effects associated with contaminants. Chemical
treatment methods are applied both as stand-alone technologies, and as an integral
part of the treatment process with physical methods.
Among the energy intensive technologies, thermal methods have a dual role in
water treatment applications. They can be applied as a means of sterilization, thus
providing high quality drinking water, and/or these technologies can be applied to
the processing of the solid wastes or sludge, generated from water treatment
applications. In the latter cases, thermal methods can be applied in essentially the
same manner as they are applied to conditioning water, namely to sterilize sludge
contaminated with organic contaminants, and/or these technologies can be applied
to volume reduction.
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